Card Meaning: XIII Death
Element: Water
Astrology: Scorpio
Hebrew letter: Nun, נ
General
The change of perspective through which
The Hanged Man have passed is truly
transformational, thus it is natural that the next card is all about
transformation, a birth of something new after something old has died. This
card
is
certainly and unjustly one of the less popular when it
shows up in the reading. In the west even the word is sometimes stygmatized
while in the east, people are more likely to understand that death is integral
part of cycle of life, nothing new can ever happen if something old doesn't
perish.
This card can actualy mean the "true" death but is primarly about a
transformation, the endings. The end of your current employment that you are not
satisfied with, of some kind of relationship in your life, maybe it signifies
moving to a new house or just changing a personal image. In fact, many times we
are delighted something is finally over and done with. The ones who are
afraid of this card are those that don't understand that the change is
beneficial and that it is happening all the time. Look at yourself ten, twenty years ago
and you will see that some parts of you, some beliefs you had have died while
some other have taken their place. The only reason why transformation is
illustrated in a such catastrophic tone is because it is often fought agains by
those whose egos are afraid of the change. Just look at our politicians today
all over the globe, they are certain to experience this card on one level or the
other, because Death, just like Justice is fair and inevitable.
History
In the Marseille Tarot decks, this is usually the only Trump without a
title, so that it is referred to as Arcanum XIII
or L’Arcane Sans Nom (The Arcanum without a name). In at least one
19th-century Italian tarot deck, the card is named Il Tredici (Thirteen). In the
Jean Noblet Tarot version of the Marseille Tarot, it is
nevertheless named La mort
(Death). In that card we can see a skeleton in profile, handling a scythe as if
he's sweeping the floor; body parts lie there scattered, most noticeably the
head of a crowned man, which shows, that
death can strike anyone at any time. In the
Grimaud Ancien Tarot de Marseille
the skeleton is missing his left foot, as if he’s sprouting from the dark,
fertile earth, probable allusion on a new cycle, the rebirth. His spine
resembles an ear of wheat or a vine, and in some decks is even coloured. The
earliest known list of the Trumps (Sermones de Ludo Cum Aliis) calls
this card La Morte (Death). In the Visconti-Sforza Tarot, the card depicts the
skeleton with a sort of veil tied around his skull that flows
in the wind, as if it's a blindfold he just removed. Death appears in
Petrarch's "Triumphs" poem. According to
the librarian Moakley, this
poem is a major influence in the creation of the
Visconti-Sforza Tarot. In that deck he holds a huge, curved bow
in his left hand and a thin arrow in his right, undoubtedly looking for a new
target. Depictions of Death like this one first
arose during the 14th century due to the Plague and other historical factors
like frequent wars.
Reading
When Death appears it almost always signifies a major change in one's life. Go
with a flow of sudden change and have faith. You will find the inner strength
you require to deal with new situations. After all it might clear the way for a
brand new start and a greater value for you. Some kind of ending of something in
your life is taking place. Reversed, the card offers almost the same outcome but
with much more feeling of the dread and horror as a result of attachement and
bondage. Inertia and stagnation might be the problem, you need new ideas to
break the ice. This card usually reminds us to cut out the obsolete.
Symbolism
skeleton
on the pale horse, rebirth, ending and the new beggining, sunrise
The most obvious thing we see is a skeleton riding a pale horse. The pale
horse, as well as the skeleton are clear symbol of death. The skeleton is
holding a banner with a five-fold white rose on a black background. According to
Waite it is a Mystic Rose, it symbolizes rebirth, maybe the main theme of
this card. Five is also the number of a rebirth and grace. Behind the horse we see
a dead king, clear message that no one is immune to cycles of life and death.
Even more, the horse is stomping upon his crown, showing utmost indifference to
all human achivements or status. Even the greatest, and the most glorious human
creation in a material world is just a temporary spark comparing to the glory of
spiritual world. Infront of the Death stands the bishop, he is praying,
illustrating the faith in the face of death. We see a maiden at the feet of
the bishop who has fainted, obviusly being unable to deal with the horrible
passing of the king. At the feet of the horse, we see a child holding a white
rose, seemingly entranced looking up at death with curiosity or bewilderment.
These three persons represents three main responses of human beings exposed to
death. The first is of the religion, trying to solve the issue with prayer,
mourning and ritual. We have countless rituals in the world all trying to
establish a relationship with death. The second is of looking the other way,
denial, illustrated with a young fainted girl. She doesn't want to see or
acknowledge death as something natural and everpresent. But, look at the little
child. The little child does not seek to turn death into a friend or to ask
death to go away. He sees death in the face, recognizes death as what it is, and
has a natural acceptance of this reality. In the background of the card we can
again see the river in Major Arcana, it is again the same river that originates
in The High Priestess. This time we can see the
boat on the river. A plausible reference to the river Styx but also a clear
indication that life goes on, for every thing that dies there is another that is
born. Motif that underscores that concept is the rising Sun, exactly, the Sun is
rising, not setting, clearly a new beggining. There are two towers on each side of the
Sun, a firm connection with the card The Moon, where this same two towers appear, some
see them as tombstones, others relate them to
Karma. Some argues the
New Jerusalem appears as a silhouette across the
Sun which further brings motif of the new beggining in the focus of the card.
The Hebrew letter for this card is Nun, to sprout or to grow, in the light of
the former conclusions, this is self-explanatory.
The veil or mask of life is perpetuated in change, transformation and passage
from lower to higher, and this is more fitly represented in the rectified Tarot
by one of the apocalyptic visions than by the crude notion of the reaping
skeleton. Behind it lies the whole world of ascent in the spirit. The mysterious
horseman moves slowly, bearing a black banner emblazoned with the Mystic Rose,
which signifies life. Between two pillars on the verge of the horizon there
shines the sun of immortality. The horseman carries no visible weapon, but king
and child and maiden fall before him, while a prelate with clasped hands awaits
his end.
There should be no need to point out that the suggestion of death which I have
made in connection with the previous card is, of course, to be understood
mystically, but this is not the case in the present instance. The natural
transit of man to the next stage of his being either is or may be one form of
his progress, but the exotic and almost unknown entrance, while still in this
life, into the state of mystical death is a change in the form of consciousness
and the passage into a state to which ordinary death is neither the path nor
gate. The existing occult explanations of the 13th card are, on the whole,
better than usual, rebirth, creation, destination, renewal, and the rest.
— The Pictorial Key to the Tarot, by A.E. Waite